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9-Methyl-β-carboline (9-me-bc) CAS: 2521-07-5 | Molecular formula: C12H10N2 | Molecular weight: 182.22 g/mol.

Product information

9-Methyl-β-carboline (9-Me-BC) – CAS 2521-07-5

9-Methyl-β-carboline (9-Me-BC) (CAS 2521-07-5) is supplied by Rexar as a research-grade chemical reference material for analytical chemistry, structural verification and laboratory-based comparison workflows. This heteroaromatic compound is provided exclusively for controlled research environments requiring confirmed chemical identity, reproducible analytical characteristics and consistent documentation standards.

9-Me-BC is available directly through the Rexar webshop and supplied in sealed laboratory packaging for distribution within the European Union.

Rexar Technical Compound Datasheet (PDF)

Comprehensive structural overview

9-Methyl-β-carboline belongs to the structural class of β-carboline derivatives, which are characterised by a tricyclic heteroaromatic framework consisting of a fused indole and pyridine system. The core structure, pyrido[3,4-b]indole, represents a condensed ring system in which two aromatic domains share a common bond, resulting in an extended conjugated π-electron network.

The addition of a methyl group at the 9-position modifies steric and electronic distribution while preserving the overall planar aromatic framework. This substitution pattern defines the compound’s registry classification and distinguishes it from unsubstituted β-carboline analogues.

β-Carboline structural class context

β-Carbolines are heterocyclic compounds composed of fused benzene, pyrrole and pyridine elements. The fusion of these aromatic systems produces a rigid, planar molecular architecture with extensive electron delocalisation across the conjugated framework.

Planarity within such fused systems contributes to characteristic spectroscopic signatures, particularly in ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, where conjugated π-systems display defined absorbance maxima. The aromatic nature of the structure also influences chromatographic retention behaviour in reversed-phase analytical systems.

Aromaticity and electronic conjugation

The aromaticity of 9-Me-BC arises from the delocalised π-electron system extending across the fused ring structure. According to Hückel’s rule, planar cyclic systems containing a defined number of π-electrons exhibit aromatic stabilisation. The β-carboline scaffold conforms to these principles, resulting in a stable heteroaromatic compound.

The nitrogen atoms incorporated within the ring system contribute to electronic distribution and influence protonation behaviour under defined pH conditions. Heteroaromatic nitrogen atoms may participate in acid-base equilibria, affecting solubility and chromatographic properties.

Molecular architecture and bonding characteristics

The molecular formula C12H10N2 describes a compact aromatic heterocycle composed of carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen atoms. The fused tricyclic system contains alternating single and double bonds consistent with aromatic resonance structures.

In proton NMR spectroscopy, aromatic protons typically appear within a defined chemical shift range associated with benzene-like ring systems. Substitution at the 9-position may cause slight deshielding or shielding effects depending on electronic distribution. Carbon-13 NMR analysis reveals signals corresponding to aromatic carbon environments and methyl substitution.

Infrared spectroscopy may show characteristic aromatic C-H stretching vibrations and ring deformation bands. The absence of aliphatic side chains beyond the methyl substitution contributes to a relatively compact spectral profile.

UV-Visible absorption characteristics

Due to its extended conjugated system, 9-Methyl-β-carboline exhibits ultraviolet absorption associated with π→π* electronic transitions. Aromatic heterocycles often display defined absorbance maxima that can be utilised in analytical detection during chromatographic separation.

UV detection is commonly applied in HPLC workflows involving heteroaromatic compounds. The conjugated framework of β-carbolines supports consistent detection sensitivity under controlled analytical conditions.

Chromatographic behaviour

In reversed-phase chromatography, aromatic heterocycles typically interact with hydrophobic stationary phases through π-π and dispersive interactions. The planar structure of 9-Me-BC may contribute to defined retention characteristics compared to non-aromatic analogues.

Mobile phase composition, solvent polarity and pH can influence retention time and peak resolution. Nitrogen heteroatoms within the ring system may affect interaction with polar solvents or buffering systems during method development.

Mass spectrometric analysis

Mass spectrometry confirms the molecular weight of 182.22 g/mol and may reveal fragmentation pathways characteristic of heteroaromatic ring systems. Fragment ions can arise from cleavage adjacent to nitrogen atoms or within the fused ring structure.

The stability of aromatic systems often produces relatively stable fragment ions, assisting structural confirmation in analytical workflows.

Solid-state and crystalline properties

9-Methyl-β-carboline is typically encountered as a light yellow to off-white crystalline powder. The coloration may be associated with extended conjugation and minor light absorption in the visible spectrum.

Crystalline heteroaromatic compounds often exhibit defined melting transitions and stable lattice structures. Intermolecular π-stacking interactions between planar aromatic systems can influence crystal packing and solid-state behaviour.

Oxidative and photochemical considerations

Aromatic heterocycles may demonstrate sensitivity to prolonged exposure to light or oxidative environments. Storage in a dry, dark setting between 8–20 °C supports long-term material stability. Sealed laboratory packaging reduces exposure to environmental variables.

Oxidative stability assessment may be included in analytical comparison studies where relevant to laboratory protocols.

Registry information and structural identifiers

  • Chemical name: 9-Methyl-β-carboline
  • IUPAC name: 9-methylpyrido[3,4-b]indole
  • Other names: 9-methyl-9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole
  • CAS number: 2521-07-5
  • Molecular formula: C12H10N2
  • Molecular weight: 182.22 g/mol
  • Physical form: Light yellow to off-white crystalline powder

Digital structural encoding and database indexing

International chemical databases index 9-Me-BC using structural descriptors such as SMILES strings and InChI identifiers. These machine-readable encodings provide precise digital representations of atomic connectivity and support cross-referencing within laboratory information management systems.

The CAS registry number 2521-07-5 ensures globally recognised identification across analytical and documentation workflows.

Material consistency and traceability

As a research-grade chemical reference material, 9-Methyl-β-carboline is supplied in sealed laboratory packaging to preserve integrity during storage and transport. Batch identification labeling supports traceability within internal laboratory systems.

Packaging and storage conditions

  • Sealed laboratory packaging
  • Store between 8–20 °C in a dry, dark environment
  • Protect from excessive moisture
  • Handle according to standard laboratory safety procedures
  • Shelf life up to 24 months when stored correctly

Additional public reference

9-Me-BC on PubChem

Frequently asked technical questions

What is the CAS number of 9-Me-BC?
The CAS number of 9-Methyl-β-carboline is 2521-07-5.

In which form is 9-Me-BC supplied?
This product is supplied as a light yellow to off-white crystalline powder in sealed laboratory packaging.

Is this product intended for human or animal use?
No. This material is supplied exclusively as a laboratory reference compound.

Is 9-Me-BC available for shipment within the EU?
Yes. Orders are supplied through the Rexar webshop in sealed laboratory packaging.

Extended heteroaromatic framework analysis

The β-carboline scaffold present in 9-Methyl-β-carboline represents a condensed heteroaromatic system formed through fusion of an indole moiety with a pyridine ring. Such fused aromatic systems exhibit extended conjugation across multiple rings, resulting in a delocalised π-electron cloud spanning the entire tricyclic framework.

Extended conjugation contributes to molecular planarity and aromatic stabilisation energy. Planar heteroaromatic compounds often demonstrate strong intermolecular interactions through π-π stacking, particularly in the solid state. These interactions may influence crystallinity, packing density and melting behaviour.

π-Stacking and intermolecular interactions

Planar aromatic molecules frequently exhibit π-π stacking interactions in crystalline form. In β-carboline derivatives, stacking can occur between parallel aromatic planes, resulting in stabilised lattice arrangements. Such stacking interactions are governed by dispersion forces and quadrupole interactions associated with aromatic ring systems.

These intermolecular forces can influence bulk physical properties such as crystal morphology and solid-state density. In analytical contexts, reproducible crystalline form supports consistent melting transitions and thermal analysis profiles.

Protonation behaviour of heteroaromatic nitrogen atoms

9-Methyl-β-carboline contains nitrogen atoms embedded within its fused ring system. Depending on environmental conditions, these heteroatoms may participate in protonation equilibria. Protonation of aromatic nitrogen atoms can influence solubility, chromatographic retention and spectral properties.

Under acidic conditions, heteroaromatic nitrogen atoms may accept protons, altering the electronic distribution of the ring system. Such protonation events can produce measurable changes in UV absorption spectra or chromatographic retention behaviour.

Tautomeric considerations

Although 9-Me-BC predominantly exists in a defined aromatic configuration, theoretical tautomeric forms may be considered within heteroaromatic chemistry. Tautomerism involves proton transfer accompanied by rearrangement of double bonds. In rigid fused systems, tautomeric equilibrium is often strongly biased toward the most stabilised aromatic configuration.

Understanding potential tautomeric states can be relevant in computational modelling or advanced spectroscopic interpretation.

Electronic distribution and resonance structures

The β-carboline core supports multiple resonance structures in which electron density is distributed across the fused rings. Resonance stabilisation enhances structural rigidity and contributes to predictable spectroscopic behaviour.

Substitution at the 9-position with a methyl group slightly modifies electron density distribution through inductive effects. While methyl substitution does not disrupt aromaticity, it can subtly influence local shielding effects observed in NMR spectra.

Photophysical properties

Heteroaromatic compounds with extended conjugation may display characteristic fluorescence or photophysical responses under specific experimental conditions. While not necessarily evaluated in routine analytical workflows, such properties are sometimes examined in structural studies of aromatic heterocycles.

Light sensitivity considerations may arise due to absorption in the UV range. Storage under reduced light exposure conditions supports preservation of chemical integrity.

Advanced chromatographic modelling considerations

In chromatographic modelling, planar heteroaromatic compounds may exhibit distinct retention patterns due to combined hydrophobic and polar interaction components. Interaction with stationary phases can involve dispersive forces, dipole interactions and potential hydrogen bonding contributions depending on mobile phase composition.

Adjustment of pH in buffered systems may alter protonation state of ring nitrogen atoms, thereby modifying retention time. Such behaviour can be leveraged during method development to optimise separation from structurally related compounds.

Comparative positioning within β-carboline derivatives

Within the broader category of β-carboline derivatives, substitution patterns define structural diversity. Alkyl substitution at different ring positions may influence steric hindrance and electronic distribution while preserving the fundamental heteroaromatic scaffold.

9-Methyl substitution represents a specific positional modification that differentiates this compound from unsubstituted β-carboline and other methylated analogues. Such positional variation is relevant in registry classification and analytical differentiation.

Structural encoding and computational descriptors

Modern chemical databases encode β-carboline derivatives using computational descriptors including canonical SMILES, InChI strings and InChIKey identifiers. These encodings represent atom connectivity, ring fusion and heteroatom placement in machine-readable format.

In laboratory environments, such digital identifiers assist in avoiding misidentification and support cross-database verification. Combined with CAS registry information, these descriptors provide robust structural documentation.

Disclaimer

This product is intended for laboratory research use only. It is not intended for human or animal consumption, nor for medical, diagnostic or therapeutic applications.

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Specifications

Intended use: Laboratory research and analytical reference purposes only
Application area: Analytical chemistry, reference comparison and method development
End user: Professional users in controlled research environments
Regulatory classification: Chemical reference material
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